Since transportation is such an important component of contemporary society, capable of producing significant benefits, yet giving rise to many negative externalities, appropriate policies need to be devised to maximize the benefits and minimize the inconveniences. At the same time the allocation, design and construction of such transport infrastructure and services must be subject to careful planning, both by public and private agencies. In this chapter a distinction is drawn between policy and planning. The major features of the policy and planning processes are examined. Because they both have to reflect the fundamental changes in society and contemporary issues and problems, policies and planning change. The changing orientation of public policy is described and the chapter goes on goes on to explore the evolving nature of urban transport planning and intervention methods.

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