Source: adapted from EPA420-R-97-007.

Integrated Transportation Land Use Package (ITLUP)

ITLUP, an extension of the Lowry model, is commonly composed of three major components:

• EMPAL (Employment Allocation Model). Its purpose is to predict, from an exogenous economic forecast, the location of employment in each analytical zone. It mimics, to some extent, an industrial location procedure where factors such as accessibility and labor are considered.
• DRAM (Disaggregated Residential Allocation Model). With the location of employment given by EMPAL, this component calculates the location of households, often from a distance decay perspective where empirical factors such as commuting time are considered. Then it calculates the amount of trips generated for home-to-work, home-to-shop and work-to-shop purposes.
• Travel demand. The standard four-stages process that provides feedbacks on the friction of distance, employment location and trip distribution.

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