International transportation of freight and passengers takes place at the highest scales of mobility that involve intercontinental and inter-regional movements. It is consequently subject to many geopolitical considerations such a control, competition and cooperation. Globalization processes have extended considerably the need for international transportation, notably because of economic integration, which grew on par with the fragmentation of production systems and the expansion of international trade. Both processes are interdependent and require an understanding of the transactional context in which multinational corporations are now evolving. There is thus a growing level of integration between production, distribution and consumption. The heightened integration and efficiency has been expanded by logistics.

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