Elements of the Cold ChainA cold chain can functionally be considered as the close
interaction between three elements:
Product. A product is characterized by
physical attributes requiring specific temperature and humidity
conditions. These conditions dictate its transport, which takes place in a manner
that does not undermine its physical attributes to an extent that
is judged acceptable. It mostly relates to how perishable and
fragile a product can be.
Origin / Destination. A function of the
respective locations where a temperature-sensitive product is
produced and consumed. It is indicative of the potential
difficulty of making a product available at a market. Because of
advances in cold chain logistics, it became possible to use
increasingly distant sourcing strategies.
Distribution. The methods and
infrastructures available to transport a product in a
temperature-controlled environment. It can involve temperature
controlled containers (reefers), trucks and warehousing
facilities.
Operational
conditions within the cold chain must be consistent so that the
load and transport integrity of the shipments are maintained.
