Geology 1C, Fall 2001, Prof. Bennington

Exam 2 Review Outline

Textbook: Ch. 4-7, answer review questions in the back of the chapters.

Volcanoes: shield, stratovolcano (composite), cinder cone, caldera, lava dome, Mt. St. Helens, Kilauea, Mt. Fuji, ring of fire7, flood basalts, rifting, subduction

Magma/lava types and eruption style: basaltic, andesitic, rhyolitic-dacitic, gases.

Volcanic rocks: pumice, obsidian, scoria, basalt, rhyolite, andesite.

Volcanic hazards: eruption, pyroclastic flow, mudflow (lahaar).

Mechanical weathering: jointing, sheeting, wedging, spheroidal weathering.

Chemical weathering: hydrolysis, carbonic acid, oxidation, dissolution, stable minerals, laterite, bauxite, placer deposits.

Sedimentary rocks: clastic/detrital, chemical, organic, carbonates, evaporates, conglomerates, sandstones, mudstone, shale, limestone, dolostone, chert, halite, gypsum, peat, coal.Types of fossils and sedimentary structures

Depositional environments, sedimentary processes: sediment production, transport, deposition, lithification (diagenesis - compaction, cementation).

Metamorphic rocks: recrystallization, rotation, reorientation, prograde, retrograde, types of metamorphism (regional, burial, contact, shock, cataclastic), metamorphic facies.

Slate, phyllite, schist, gneiss, marble, quartzite, metaconglomerate, foliated, non-foliated.